Winter Sports Injury First Aid Guide
The first snow invites us to enjoy winter sports and walks. However, the cold season not only brings fun but also dangers. Whether skiing, sledding, jogging on snowy paths, or simply taking a walk on icy streets – the risk of falls and injuries is high. Older people and children are particularly vulnerable, but also inexperienced or careless athletes. Johanniter provides tips on how to safely navigate through winter and how to provide first aid in case of emergencies.
“In the cold season, we see an increase in injuries such as fractures, ligament tears, bruises, as well as frostbite and hypothermia,” explains Marion Schmidt, Head of Education at Johanniter in Bavarian Swabia. “Those who know how to act in an emergency can often prevent more serious consequences.”
Winter Sports: Fun with Risks
Skiing, snowboarding, and ice skating are popular winter activities but come with risks, especially for inexperienced athletes or those returning after a long break. The most common injuries include sprains, strains, and fractures, usually in the arms, shoulders, or knees. Head injuries from falls are also not uncommon. Schmidt advises, “When engaging in winter sports, always wear a helmet and, if necessary, protectors to minimize the risk of injury. It is essential to pay attention to your own fitness and take breaks before exhaustion sets in.”
Improperly prepared or poorly maintained equipment such as skis or ice skates can also contribute to accidents. “A safety check before the season can save lives,” emphasizes Schmidt.
Falls on slippery paths
Elderly people are particularly at risk on slippery sidewalks. A fall can quickly lead to complicated fractures or hip injuries that can result in lengthy healing processes in old age. “If you are unsteady on your feet, wear non-slip shoes, and if possible, stay at home during freezing rain,” recommends Schmidt. A walking stick with an ice tip or spikes for shoes can provide additional security.
If someone has fallen, keep calm. “Check if the person is responsive and avoid moving them unnecessarily – especially if there is suspicion of a back or head injury. In such cases, call emergency services at 112,” says Schmidt. Obvious wounds should be covered with a sterile dressing to prevent infections.
Jogging in the Cold: Caution in Extreme Weather
Running in the winter air can be healthy but also comes with risks. Cold temperatures strain the airways and can lead to breathing problems in sensitive individuals or older people. “If the temperatures drop below -10 degrees, avoid outdoor sports,” advises Schmidt. Especially those with cardiovascular diseases or asthma should be cautious.
Another risk is running on icy or snowy paths. A wrong step can lead to painful sprains or ligament tears. “If you don’t want to give up jogging in winter, choose well-lit and salted paths and wear suitable running shoes with a good grip sole,” explains Schmidt.
First Aid: React Quickly and Correctly
In an emergency, it is important to act quickly and calmly. For a bruise or sprain, the affected area should be cooled and immobilized as quickly as possible to minimize swelling. Ice packs wrapped in a cloth to avoid direct contact with the skin are suitable for this.
For fractures: immobilize the affected body part and call emergency services. Marion Schmidt warns, “Move the affected area as little as possible and do not try to treat the injury on your own – this could worsen the situation.”
If someone is hypothermic, they should be brought into a warm environment and wrapped in blankets. Hot drinks like tea can help warm the body from the inside. Under no circumstances should frostbite be treated by rubbing or massaging, as this can further damage the tissue.
Prevention is the Best Protection
With the right preparation and mindfulness, many accidents can be avoided. “Regular first aid training helps to stay capable of acting in an emergency,” emphasizes Schmidt. More information on course offerings can be found at www.johanniter.de/bayerisch-schwaben/bildungszentrum.
10 Tips for a Safe Winter
• Wear protective clothing: Helmets, protectors, and non-slip shoes reduce the risk of injury.
• Check your fitness level: Do not overexert yourself and take breaks.
• Check your equipment: Have skis, ice skates, or snowshoes serviced before the season.
• Avoid dangers: Stay indoors during icy conditions or use well-salted paths.
• Learn how to fall correctly: Try to roll to the side and protect your head in a fall.
• Take cold temperatures seriously: Avoid outdoor sports when temperatures drop below -10 degrees.
• Treat wounds: Cover open wounds with a sterile dressing and call for further help.
• Provide first aid: Take the right actions for fractures, bruises, or hypothermia immediately.
• Protect children: Equip and supervise children properly during winter sports.
• Attend courses: Refresh first aid knowledge regularly to act safely in emergencies.
